Staying Heart-Smart in the Summer Heat
As we move into the hottest part of the year, it’s important to understand how extreme heat affects heart health—especially for older adults and those with cardiovascular conditions. When temperatures rise, your body works harder to stay cool. This increases the demand on your heart, which must pump more blood to the skin to help release heat. For patients with heart disease, this added stress can lead to serious complications. Dehydration becomes a real risk, particularly for those taking diuretics or other medications that alter fluid balance. Even mild fluid loss can trigger drops in blood pressure, cause electrolyte imbalances, and in some cases contribute to arrhythmias or worsening heart failure symptoms.
For people managing high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, or other chronic conditions, the combination of heat and medication can be particularly dangerous. Certain medications—such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, and antidepressants—can interfere with the body’s ability to regulate temperature or respond to heat stress. During periods of extreme weather, outdoor activity should be limited and hydration should be carefully managed throughout the day. A common mistake is waiting to drink water until thirst becomes noticeable, but by that time the body is already playing catch-up. Staying ahead of hydration and listening to early warning signs like fatigue, lightheadedness, or muscle cramps can help prevent more serious outcomes such as heat exhaustion or heat stroke.
Heat stroke is a medical emergency that can strike quickly and may not always involve heavy sweating. In fact, the skin may feel dry and hot to the touch, and confusion or rapid breathing can signal that the body is no longer able to cope. In these cases, prompt medical attention is essential. Even milder symptoms, such as prolonged dizziness or weakness after being outside, should be discussed with a healthcare provider. Patients should also be aware of how their specific medications may alter their risk during hot weather, and should never make changes to prescriptions without consulting their doctor.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), American Heart Association (AHA), and Harvard Health all provide excellent public resources on staying safe during heat waves. These include practical guidance on staying cool, monitoring symptoms, and adapting daily routines. What all these resources agree on is that preparation and awareness are key. Cardiovascular stress from heat is preventable, but only if people understand the risks and take steps to avoid them.
For those managing heart conditions, June is the time to check in with your care team about summer strategies. Know your risk, stay hydrated, avoid unnecessary strain, and be proactive with rest and cooling. Extreme heat doesn’t need to be extreme danger—but for those with heart disease, it can become serious quickly. At Capital Cardiology Associates, we encourage all patients to treat hot weather as a health factor, just like diet or exercise. Staying informed can help you stay well.
Disclaimer: This article is intended for general informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult your physician or cardiologist for guidance specific to your health conditions, especially in relation to medications, hydration, and activity in high heat.
Heart-Healthy Tips for Coping with Extreme Heat
Hydrate Regularly – Drink water throughout the day, even if you don’t feel thirsty. Dehydration can stress the heart and affect blood pressure and electrolytes.
Avoid Outdoor Activity During Peak Heat – Schedule walks, gardening, or exercise early in the morning or after sunset when temperatures are cooler.
Stay in Air-Conditioned Spaces – When possible, spend time indoors in air conditioning. Fans alone may not prevent heat-related illness in very high temperatures.
Wear Light, Breathable Clothing – Loose-fitting, light-colored clothes help your body cool naturally and reduce heat retention.
Monitor Your Medications – Some heart medications (like diuretics, beta-blockers, or ACE inhibitors) can make heat-related symptoms worse. Ask your doctor if any adjustments are needed during hot weather.
Watch for Warning Signs – Be alert to symptoms like dizziness, excessive fatigue, confusion, nausea, rapid heartbeat, or lack of sweating, which may signal heat exhaustion or heat stroke.
Cool Down Safely – Use cold compresses, take a cool shower, or place feet in cold water if you feel overheated. Avoid sudden temperature changes that can shock the system.
Eat Light Meals – Avoid heavy meals that raise internal body temperature. Focus on fruits, vegetables, and hydrating foods.
Check on Vulnerable Individuals – Older adults and people with heart disease are at higher risk. Check in on neighbors, family, and friends during heat waves.
Listen to Local Heat Alerts – Pay attention to heat advisories and warnings. These are issued for a reason and should guide your activity and exposure.
Sources:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – “Extreme Heat and Cardiovascular Risk”
American Heart Association – “How Heat Affects Your Heart”
Harvard Health Publishing – “Hot Weather and Heart Problems”
